Why is fluoride added to drinking water?

Fluoride is added to drinking water primarily to help prevent dental cavities. This practice, known as water fluoridation, has significant public health benefits, particularly in populations where access to dental care may be limited. Fluoride works by strengthening tooth enamel and making it more resistant to the acids produced by bacteria in the mouth. It can also help remineralize teeth that have been demineralized by early tooth decay.

Research has shown that communities with fluoridated water have lower rates of tooth decay compared to those without. This is especially important for children, as they are often more susceptible to cavities during the development of their permanent teeth. The addition of fluoride in community water supplies is a proactive measure aimed at improving overall dental health and reducing the need for dental treatments related to cavities.

While reducing the risk of waterborne diseases is crucial for public health, fluoride specifically targets dental health rather than illness prevention. Enhancing the taste of water is not a primary function of fluoride, as its presence can sometimes make water taste different, and fluoride does not play a role in neutralizing pH levels. Therefore, the primary reason for adding fluoride to drinking water is its proven effectiveness in reducing the incidence of dental cavities among the population.